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Research
Solid ‘n’ speedy
Great hopes are currently associated with solid-state batteries. They do not contain any liquid parts that could leak or catch fire. They are therefore considered to be safer, more reliable and more durable than conventional lithium-ion batteries. So far, however, they take a very long time to charge and discharge. Researchers at the Institute of Energy and Climate Research (IEK-9) have now solved this problem – by cleverly selecting materials.
The new solid-state battery
Concept of Jülich scientists
The anode, cathode and electrolyte are made of very similar materials. They all contain various lithium phosphate compounds. This eliminates a weak point of previous solid-state batteries: the interfaces between the solid electrodes and the solid electrolyte. This interface is not without gaps. This impedes the ion migration through the battery and consequently the charging and discharging current and thus also the charging duration. If the contact resistance between the electrodes and the electrolyte is reduced by means of similar materials, the possible current flow increases.
Gold contact
provides lower resistance between electrode and current arresterImproved
compared to previous solid-state batteries
Energy density increased
by about 30%
Charging time shortened
1 hour instead of 12 hoursStill to be done
Improving capacity
Currently 84 per cent after 500 charge/discharge cycles. Losses of less than 1 per cent after 500 cycles are theoretically possible.Enlarging the battery
The Jülich solid-state battery currently has the size of a button cell.Wide variety of benefits
Possible applications for solid-state batteries
IMAGE: Forschungszentrum Jülich